Notes from 12 Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos.
The founding idea is that "suffering is built into the structure of being," but although it can be unbearable, people have a choice either to withdraw, which is a "suicidal gesture", or to face and transcend it. However, living in a world of chaos and order, each human being has "darkness" which can "turn them into the monsters they're capable of being" to satisfy their dark impulses in right situations. The scientific experiments like Invisible Gorilla Test show that perception is adjusted to aims, and it is better to seek meaning rather than happiness. Peterson noted that "it's all very well to think the meaning of life is happiness, but what happens when you're unhappy? Happiness is a great side effect. When it comes, accept it gratefully. But it's fleeting and unpredictable. It's not something to aim at – because it's not an aim. And if happiness is the purpose of life, what happens when you're unhappy? Then you're a failure." People are born with the instinct for ethics and meaning and should take responsibility to search for meaning above their own interests (chapter seven, "Pursue what is meaningful, not what is expedient"). Such thinking is reflected in great contemporary stories such as Pinocchio, The Lion King and Harry Potter or ancient stories from the Bible. To "Stand up straight with your shoulders back" (title of first chapter) is to "accept the terrible responsibility of life", to make self-sacrifice, because the individual must rise above victimization and "conduct his or her life in a manner that requires the rejection of immediate gratification, of natural and perverse desires alike". The comparison to neurological structures and behavior of lobsters is used as a natural example to the formation of social hierarchies. In the other parts of the work is explored and criticized the state of young men, the upbringing which ignores sex differences between boys and girls (criticism of overprotection and tabula rasa model in social sciences), male-female interpersonal relationships, school shootings, religion and moral nihilism, relativism and lack of respect to the values that build Western society. In the last chapter, Peterson outlines ways one can cope with the most tragic events in a person's life, events that are often out of that individual's control. In it, he describes his own personal struggle when it was discovered that his daughter, Mikhaila, had a rare bone disease. The chapter is a meditation on how to maintain a watchful eye and cherish life's small redeemable qualities (i.e., to "pet a cat when you encounter one"). It also outlines a practical way to deal with hardship: to shorten one's temporal scope of responsibility (e.g., focusing on the next minute rather than the next three months).
All of us are the first people to criticize the government, the institutions for all of our life's problems.
I had a friend who would go on and on about how the world was unjust to her. She would tell me about all the ways in which people were bad and about how this world was just a bad place.
But think about it this way - what gives you the right to criticize the world for ruining your life if you haven't done everything you can to fix your life?
If you haven't put in the effort to make your life better then how can you expect the world to fix everything for you?
If you don't like your life right now ask yourself what is it that you can do on your own that can make your life better.
Stop thinking you're better than everyone else in this world and actually try to make a difference in your own life at least try to do it for a week, a month before you say something bad about the world.
Pursue what is meaningful (not what is expedient) Rule number seven is pursue what is meaningful, not what is expedient. This is something most of us are guilty of.
We usually try to do the easy thing, the thing that will give us the quickest results.
We try to take the work that makes us the most money, that gets us the most fame, etc.
But our brains are wired for meaning. As Viktor Frankl says in Man's Search for Meaning, our brains are meaning making machines.
All the money in the world isn't going to help you if your life is meaningless.
So always strive to do things which are meaningful.
Think more long-term instead of just looking for short-term gratification.
Tell the truth – or, at least, don't lie
A society works best when everyone is honest with each other.
If you're in a relationship and you and your partner don't tell the truth to each other then that relationship is basically meaningless.
Trust is very important in human society.
When I go out of my house I trust that everyone out there won't try to kill me and that's how I'm able to feel safe and continue to be a productive member of society.
It is all of our duties to tell the truth as much as possible.
Sometimes when the situation is more complicated than that, at least try not to lie.
Assume that the person you are listening to might know something you don't
What you don't know is more important than what you do know.
Most of us walk around thinking that we know everything we need to, but this is a surefire way to stop learning.
With the amount of knowledge that exists in this world, there is no way you can know everything.
So whenever you're talking to someone, assume that person knows something you don't.
This way you can have a real conversation and actually learn something from them.
Instead of always trying to defend your ideas, be open to learning.
Be precise in your speech
The more precise you can make your speech, the more focused your thoughts will be.
If you're not precise in the way you talk or communicate with people, or you're not able to make a point, then you're not going to be successful in society.
The people who can make the best arguments and present the best stories win.
So you definitely need to learn how to be precise in your speech.
Do not bother children when they are skateboarding
A lot of people try to stop children when they're playing, especially when they think the game is dangerous.
Of course you should stop children from doing something actually dangerous.
But sometimes children try things that push their limits out of curiosity and competitiveness.
The spirit of pushing ourselves, doing something slightly dangerous, is there amongst all of us.
Don't try to stop that in other people. Learn to embrace it.
That is where people learn to become extraordinary.
Pet a cat when you encounter one on the street
This rule is about enjoying the beauty of life.
Sometimes there can be terrible tragedies in life and the suffering can get too much to bear. In those moments, you have to find beauty in the little things about life.
If a dog wags its tail at you, play with him, give him something to eat, look at the happiness in the little animal's face and learn to be happy yourself.
If you're going through rough times, shorten the time frame. Don't think about surviving an entire year, think about making it through the next month, week, day or even hour.
When you break it down into manageable time frames, you can get through things you could never have imagined.
Moses comes down the mountain, after a long absence, bearing the tablets inscribed with ten commandments, and finds the Children of Israel in revelry.
They'd been Pharaoh's slaves and subject to his tyrannical regulations for four hundred years, and after that Moses subjected them to the harsh desert wilderness for another forty years, to purify them of their slavishness.
Now, free at last, they are unbridled, and have lost all control as they dance wildly around an idol, a golden calf, displaying all manner of corporeal corruption.
I've got some good news ... and I've got some bad news," the lawgiver yells to them.
"Which do you want first?"
"The good news!" the hedonists reply.
"I got Him from fifteen commandments down to ten!" "Hallelujah!" cries the unruly crowd.
"And the bad?"
"Adultery is still in."
Intolerance of others' views (no matter how ignorant or incoherent they may be) is not simply wrong; in a world where there is no right or wrong, it is worse: it is a sign you are embarrassingly unsophisticated or, possibly, dangerous.
But if it's uncertain that our ideals are attainable, why do we bother reaching in the first place? Because if you don't reach for them, it is certain you will never feel that your life has meaning.
And perhaps because, as unfamiliar and strange as it sounds, in the deepest part of our psyche, we all want to be judged
We require rules, standards, values --- alone and together.
We're pack animals, beasts of burden. We must bear a load, to justify our miserable existence.
We require routine and tradition. That's order
When the aristocracy catches a cold, as it is said, the working class dies of pneumonia.
It's not what we don't know that gets us in trouble. It's what we know for sure that just ain't so. ~ Mark Twain "In my kingdom," as the Red Queen tells Alice in Wonderland, "you have to run as fast as you can just to stay in the same place." No one standing still can triumph, no matter how well constituted. There is very little difference between the capacity for mayhem and destruction, integrated, and strength of character. This is one of the most difficult lessons of life. 12 Rules for Life
RULE 1 / Stand up straight with your shoulders back RULE 2 / Treat yourself like someone you are responsible for helping RULE 3 / Make friends with people who want the best for you RULE 4 / Compare yourself to who you were yesterday, not to who someone else is today RULE 5 / Do not let your children do anything that makes you dislike them RULE 6 / Set your house in perfect order before you criticize the world RULE 7 / Pursue what is meaningful (not what is expedient) RULE 8 / Tell the truth --- or, at least, don't lie RULE 9 / Assume that the person you are listening to might know something you don't RULE 10 / Be precise in your speech RULE 11 / Do not bother children when they are skateboarding RULE 12 / Pet a cat when you encounter one on the street Notes
R U L E 1 STAND UP STRAIGHT WITH YOUR SHOULDERS BACK To stand up straight with your shoulders back is to accept the terrible responsibility of life, with eyes wide open. So, attend carefully to your posture. Quit drooping and hunching around. Speak your mind. Put your desires forward, as if you had a right to them --- at least the same right as others. Walk tall and gaze forthrightly ahead. Dare to be dangerous. Encourage the serotonin to flow plentifully through the neural pathways desperate for its calming influence. Look for your inspiration to the victorious lobster, with its 350 million years of practical wisdom. Stand up straight, with your shoulders back. R U L E 2 TREAT YOURSELF LIKE SOMEONE YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR HELPING You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make him drink It is the drama of lived experience --- the unique, tragic, personal death of your father, compared to the objective death listed in the hospital records; the pain of your first love; the despair of dashed hopes; the joy attendant upon a child's success. Chaos is the domain of ignorance itself. It's unexplored territory. Chaos is what extends, eternally and without limit, beyond the boundaries of all states, all ideas, and all disciplines. It's the foreigner, the stranger, the member of another gang, the rustle in the bushes in the night-time, the monster under the bed, the hidden anger of your mother, and the sickness of your child. Chaos is the despair and horror you feel when you have been profoundly betrayed. It's the place you end up when things fall apart; when your dreams die, your career collapses, or your marriage ends. It's the underworld of fairytale and myth, where the dragon and the gold it guards eternally co-exist. Chaos is where we are when we don't know where we are, and what we are doing when we don't know what we are doing. It is, in short, all those things and situations we neither know nor understand. Order, by contrast, is explored territory. That's the hundreds-of-millions-of years- old hierarchy of place, position and authority. That's the structure of society. It's the structure provided by biology, too --- particularly insofar as you are adapted, as you are, to the structure of society. Order is tribe, religion, hearth, home and country. It's the warm, secure living-room where the fireplace glows and the children play. It's the flag of the nation. It's the value of the currency. Order is the floor beneath your feet, and your plan for the day. It's the greatness of tradition, the rows of desks in a school classroom, the trains that leave on time, the calendar, and the clock. Order is the public façade we're called upon to wear, the politeness of a gathering of civilized strangers, and the thin ice on which we all skate. Order is the place where the behavior of the world matches our expectations and our desires; the place where all things turn out the way we want them to. That journey into darkness and rescue is the most difficult thing a puppet must do, if he wants to be real; if he wants to extract himself from the temptations of deceit and acting and victimization and impulsive pleasure and totalitarian subjugation; if he wants to take his place as a genuine Being in the world. The worst of all possible snakes is the eternal human proclivity for evil.
The worst of all possible snakes is psychological, spiritual, personal, internalץ The line dividing good and evil cuts through the heart of every human being
- Aleksander Solzhenitsyn Question for parents: do you want to make your children safe, or strong? If there is a rifle hanging on the wall in act one, it must be fired in the next act. Otherwise it has no business being there.
--- Anton Chekhov Only man will inflict suffering for the sake of suffering. That is the best definition of evil I have been able to formulate. We shall not cease from exploration And the end of all our exploring Will be to arrive where we started And know the place for the first time. Through the unknown, remembered gate When the last of earth left to discover Is that which was the beginning; At the source of the longest river The voice of the hidden waterfall And the children in the apple-tree Not known, because not looked for But heard, half-heard, in the stillness Between two waves of the sea. Quick now, here, now, always --- A condition of complete simplicity (Costing not less than everything) And all shall be well and All manner of things shall be well When the tongues of flames are in-folded Into the crowned knot of fire And the fire and the rose are one. ("Little Gidding," Four Quartets, 1943) He whose life has a why can bear almost any how. -Friedrich Nietzsche You need to consider the future and think, "What might my life look like if I were caring for myself properly? What career would challenge me and render me productive and helpful, so that I could shoulder my share of the load, and enjoy the consequences? What should I be doing, when I have some freedom, to improve my health, expand my knowledge, and strengthen my body?" You need to know where you are, so you can start to chart your course. You need to know who you are, so that you understand your armament and bolster yourself in respect to your limitations. You need to know where you are going, so that you can limit the extent of chaos in your life, restructure order, and bring the divine force of Hope to bear on the world. You must discipline yourself carefully. You must keep the promises you make to yourself, and reward yourself, so that you can trust and motivate yourself. You need to determine how to act toward yourself so that you are most likely to become and to stay a good person. It would be good to make the world a better place. Heaven, after all, will not arrive of its own accord. We will have to work to bring it about, and strengthen ourselves, so that we can withstand the deadly angels and flaming sword of judgment that God used to bar its entrance. You could begin by treating yourself as if you were someone you were responsible for helping. R U L E 3 MAKE FRIENDS WITH PEOPLE WHO WANT THE BEST FOR YOU Don't think that it is easier to surround yourself with good healthy people than with bad unhealthy people. It's not. A good, healthy person is an ideal. It requires strength and daring to stand up near such a person. Have some humility. Have some courage. Use your judgment, and protect yourself from too-uncritical compassion and pity. Make friends with people who want the best for you. R U L E 4 COMPARE YOURSELF TO WHO YOU WERE YESTERDAY, NOT TO WHO SOMEONE ELSE IS TODAY Who are you? You think you know, but maybe you don't. You are, for example, neither your own master, nor your own slave. You cannot easily tell yourself what to do and compel your own obedience (any more than you can easily tell your husband, wife, son or daughter what to do, and compel theirs). You are interested in some things and not in others. You can shape that interest, but there are limits. Some activities will always engage you, and others simply will not. You have a nature. You can play the tyrant to it, but you will certainly rebel. How hard can you force yourself to work and sustain your desire to work? How much can you sacrifice to your partner before generosity turns to resentment? What is it that you actually love? What is it that you genuinely want? Before you can articulate your own standards of value, you must see yourself as a stranger, and then you must get to know yourself. What do you find valuable or pleasurable? How much leisure, enjoyment, and reward do you require, so that you feel like more than a beast of burden? How must you treat yourself, so you won't kick over the traces and smash up your corral? You could force yourself through your daily grind and kick your dog in frustration when you come home. You could watch the precious days tick by. Or you could learn how to entice yourself into sustainable, productive activity. Do you ask yourself what you want? Do you negotiate fairly with yourself? Or are you a tyrant, with yourself as slave? When do you dislike your parents, your spouse, or your children, and why? What might be done about that? What do you need and want from your friends and your business partners? How do you need to be spoken to? What do you need to take from people? Consult your resentment. It's a revelatory emotion, for all its pathology. It's part of an evil triad: arrogance, deceit, and resentment. Nothing causes more harm than this underworld Trinity. When you have something to say, silence is a lie. What do you do to avoid conflict, necessary though it may be? What are you inclined to lie about, assuming that the truth might be intolerable? What do you fake? Be cautious when you're comparing yourself to others. You're a singular being, once you're an adult. You have your own particular, specific problems --- financial, intimate, psychological, and otherwise. Those are embedded in the unique broader context of your existence. Your career or job works for you in a personal manner, or it does not, and it does so in a unique interplay with the other specifics of your life. You must decide what to let go, and what to pursue. We cannot navigate, without something to aim at and, while we are in this world, we must always navigate. We live within a framework that defines the present as eternally lacking and the future as eternally better. Perhaps happiness is always to be found in the journey uphill, and not in the fleeting sense of satisfaction awaiting at the next peak. Ask yourself: is there one thing that exists in disarray in your life or your situation that you could, and would, set straight? Could you, and would you, fix that one thing that announces itself humbly in need of repair? Could you do it now? What you aim at determines what you see. Life doesn't have the problem. You do. Our values, our morality --- they are indicators of our sophistication. You cannot aim yourself at anything if you are completely undisciplined and untutored. Pay attention. Focus on your surroundings, physical and psychological. Notice something that bothers you, that concerns you, that will not let you be, which you could fix, that you would fix. You can find such somethings by asking yourself (as if you genuinely want to know) three questions: "What is it that is bothering me?" "Is that something I could fix?" and "Would I actually be willing to fix it?" If you find that the answer is "no," to any or all of the questions, then look elsewhere. Aim lower. Search until you find something that bothers you, that you could fix, that you would fix, and then fix it. That might be enough for the day. "What could I do, that I would do, to make Life a little better?" Aim high. Set your sights on the betterment of Being. Align yourself, in your soul, with Truth and the Highest Good. There is habitable order to establish and beauty to bring into existence. There is evil to overcome, suffering to ameliorate, and yourself to better. Realization is dawning. Instead of playing the tyrant, therefore, you are paying attention. You are telling the truth, instead of manipulating the world. You are negotiating, instead of playing the martyr or the tyrant. You no longer have to be envious, because you no longer know that someone else truly has it better. You no longer have to be frustrated, because you have learned to aim low, and to be patient. You are discovering who you are, and what you want, and what you are willing to do. You are finding that the solutions to your particular problems have to be tailored to you, personally and precisely. You are less concerned with the actions of other people, because you have plenty to do yourself. Attend to the day, but aim at the highest good Compare yourself to who you were yesterday, not to who someone else is today. R U L E 5 DO NOT LET YOUR CHILDREN DO ANYTHING THAT MAKES YOU DISLIKE THEM Disciplinary principle 1: limit the rules. Principle 2: use minimum necessary force. Here's a third: parents should come in pairs. Here's a fourth principle, one that is more particularly psychological: parents should understand their own capacity to be harsh, vengeful, arrogant, resentful, angry and deceitful. Clear rules make for secure children and calm, rational parents. Clear principles of discipline and punishment balance mercy and justice so that social development and psychological maturity can be optimally promoted. Clear rules and proper discipline help the child, and the family, and society, establish,maintain and expand the order that is all that protects us from chaos and the terrors of the underworld, where everything is uncertain, anxiety-provoking, hopeless and depressing. There are no greater gifts that a committed and courageous parent can bestow. R U L E 6 SET YOUR HOUSE IN PERFECT ORDER BEFORE YOU CRITICIZE THE WORLD Clean Up Your Life Consider your circumstances. Start small.
if you cannot understand why someone did something, look at the consequences --- and infer the motivation. --- Carl Jung When someone claims to be acting from the highest principles, for the good of others, there is no reason to assume that the person's motives are genuine. People motivated to make things better usually aren't concerned with changing other people --- or, if they are, they take responsibility for making the same changes to themselves (and first). the fact that power plays a role in human motivation does not mean that it plays the only role, or even the primary role. The most valid personality trait predictors of long-term success in Western countries are intelligence (as measured with cognitive ability or IQ tests) and conscientiousness (a trait characterized by industriousness and orderliness). Entrepreneurs and artists are higher in openness to experience, another cardinal personality trait, than in conscientiousness. But openness is associated with verbal intelligence and creativity, so that exception is appropriate and understandable if only power exists, then the use of power becomes fully justifiable Group identity can be fractionated right down to the level of the individual There are only two major reasons for resentment: being taken advantage of (or allowing yourself to be taken advantage of), or whiny refusal to adopt responsibility and grow up. Assume ignorance before malevolence. R U L E 1 2 PET A CAT WHEN YOU ENCOUNTER ONE ON THE STREET Imagine a Being who is omniscient, omnipresent, and omnipotent. What does such a Being lack? The answer? Limitation. If you are already everything, everywhere, always, there is nowhere to go and nothing to be. Everything that could be already is, and everything that could happen already has. And it is for this reason, so the story goes, that God created man. No limitation, no story. No story, no Being. Being of any reasonable sort appears to require limitation. When you love someone, it's not despite their limitations. It's because of their limitations. Ask, and it shall given to you; Seek, and ye shall find; Knock, and it shall be open unto you: For everyone who asks receives; the one who seeks finds; and to the one who knocks, the door will be opened (Matthew 7:7--7:8)
The Prompts for a Successful Future You
What shall I do tomorrow? How will I create the most good possible in the shortest period of time?
What shall I do next year? Try to ensure that the good I do then will be exceeded only by the good I do the year after that.
What shall I do with my life? Aim for Paradise, and concentrate on today.
What shall I do with my wife? Treat her as if she is the Holy Mother of God, so that she may give birth to the world-redeeming hero.
What shall I do with my daughter? Stand behind her, listen to her, guard her, train her mind, and let her know it's OK if she wants to be a mother.
What shall I do with my parents? Act such that your actions justify the suffering they endured.
What shall I do with my son? Encourage him to be a true Son of God.*
What shall I do with the stranger? Invite him into my house, and treat him like a brother, so that he may become one.
What shall I do with a fallen soul? Offer a genuine and cautious hand, but do not join it in the mire.
What shall I do with the world? Conduct myself as if Being is more valuable than Non-Being.
How shall I educate my people? Share with them those things I regard as truly important.
What shall I do with a torn nation? Stitch it back together with careful words of truth.
What shall I do for God my Father? Sacrifice everything I hold dear to yet greater perfection.
What shall I do with a lying man? Let him speak so that he may reveal himself.
How shall I deal with the enlightened one? Replace him with the true seeker of enlightenment. There is no enlightened one. There is only the one who is seeking further enlightenment. Proper Being is process, not a state; a journey, not a destination. It's the continual transformation of what you know, through encounter with what you don't know, rather than the desperate clinging to the certainty that is eternally insufficient in any case.
What shall I do when I despise what I have? Remember those who have nothing and strive to be grateful. Consider, as well, that you may be blocked in your progress not because you lack opportunity, but because you have been too arrogant to make full use of what already lies in front of you.
What shall I do when greed consumes me? Remember that it is truly better to give than to receive.
What shall I do when I ruin my rivers? Seek for the living water and let it cleanse the Earth.
What shall I do when my enemy succeeds? Aim a little higher and be grateful for the lesson.
What shall I do when I'm tired and impatient? Gratefully accept an outstretched helping hand.
What shall I do with the fact of aging? Replace the potential of my youth with the accomplishments of my maturity.
A life lived thoroughly justifies its own limitations.
What shall I do with my infant's death? Hold my other loved ones and heal their pain.
What shall I do in the next dire moment? Focus my attention on the next right move.
What shall I say to a faithless brother? The King of the Damned is a poor judge of Being.
What shall I do to strengthen my spirit? Do not tell lies, or do what you despise.
What shall I do to ennoble my body? Use it only in the service of my soul.
What shall I do with the most difficult of questions? Consider them the gateway to the path of life.
What shall I do with the poor man's plight? Strive through right example to lift his broken heart.
What shall I do when the great crowd beckons? Stand tall and utter my broken truths.